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INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS, MANAGEMENT, AND PROGNOSIS OF PLACENTA PREVIA; A REVIEW OF RECENT LITERATURE

Hajar fahad Alghamdi 1 , Noor Shokri Alherz 2 , Abdulaziz Mazen Bisharah 3 , Hawra shokri Alherz 4 , Dareen Hussain Ali Alhendi 5 , Ghaid Mohammed Hamad Alkharaz 6 , Maha Abdelrahim Elkhidir 7 , Albalawi, Ghada Saleh H 8 , Alaa Ali A Al Hunaidi 9 , Khalid Mohammed Almoosa 10

Introduction: The term ‘placenta previa’ is used to describe a case in which the placenta is implanted in the lower part of the uterus leading to covering of the endocervical os. Aim of work: In this article, we aim to provide an approach toward the diagnosis, management, and treatment of placenta previa being a leading cause of morbidities and mortalities among mothers. Methodology: We did a systematic search for placenta previa using PubMed search engine and Google Scholar search engine. The terms used in the search were: placenta previa, abnormal placentation, classification of placenta previa, management of placenta previa, and diagnosis of placenta previa. Conclusions: The most common and classic presentation of placenta previa is vaginal bleeding any time at pregnancy. Transvaginal ultrasound is usually the diagnostic modality of choice to diagnose and assess placenta previa, as it provides accurate measurements of the relation between the placenta and the endocervical os. Placenta previa can be associated with severe hemorrhage that can be recurrent and refractory to treatment, leading to hysterectomy. Therefore, cesarean section is recommended in most cases to prevent the occurrence of hemorrhages and bleeding. Keywords: placenta previa, abnormal placentation, hemorrhage.

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