ResearcherID - CLICK HERE Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF-2020) - CLICK HERE

BONE GRAFTS

Tarasenko S.V., Diachkova E.Yu., Azarovskaya E.A., Sevan S.M., Alieva M.N., Levonyan E.A.

Abstract: Today, the analysis of several studies has proven the safety and consistency of bone healing after enucleation and simple closure of jaw cysts without the use of bone grafts or implants even in the case of the formation of large defects. Nevertheless, the use of different types of bone grafts is important. What concerns the autografts the authors have concluded the use of grafts of the ilium substantia spongiosa leads to significant acceleration of defect ossification and lowers the risk of infections and fractures in the lower jaw. Allogenic implants can be successfully used to treat patients with defects of the upper jaw and serve as an alternative to the use of autografts. When using embryonic (fetal) tissues the clinical effect is difficult to predict, because by the time it is used, the bone tissue does not yet reach the required maturity. In addition, abortion material is a risk category, so at present it is not used for bone grafting. Some authors recommend to use the stimulating effect of placenta in periodontal practice and at filling of cavity bone defects. In the past years scientists developed the xenogeneic materials which contain deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM, Bio Oss ®) or coral derivatives (Algipore®) and phytogenic (Interpore®) hydroxyapatite, which are successfully applied for augmentation of the lower wall of the maxillary sinus. These materials, according to manufacturers, must have osteoconductive properties. In addition, it has been found that natural corals have osteoinductive properties for multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, inducing osteodifferentiation gene expression in them. While implantation of synthetic materials can accelerate osteoconduction and osteointegration. The idea of using these osteoconductive materials is to stabilize the blood clot in a defect in order to prevent the development of an infectious process and accelerate bone tissue regeneration by increasing the migration of osteoprogenator cells In recent times it has become very popular to use collagen for the stabilization of the blood clot. Keywords: bone graft, autograft, allogenic graft, osteoconducion, osteoinduction, bone regeneration

FULL TEXT