Volume : 10, Issue : 02, February – 2023

Title:

35.STEM CELLS IN REGENERATIVE MEDICINE – A REVIEW
‬

Authors :

N. Uday Kumar , V.Swathi *, M.Kishore babu

Abstract :

Stem cells are defined as cells that have clonogenic and self-renewing capabilities and differentiate into multiple cell lineages. Stem cells are found in all of us, from the early stages of human development to the end of life. According to differentiation potential stem cells are divided into 5 types: totipotent, pluripotent, multi potent, oligopotent and unipotent. They are vital to the development, growth, maintenance and repair of our brains, bones, muscles, nerves, blood, skin and other organs. Stem cell therapy is emerging as a potentially revolutionary new way to treat disease and injury, with wide-ranging medical benefits. The face of extradentary advances in the prevention diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, devastating illness such as heart diseases, diabetes, cancer and disease of the nervous system, continue to the primer people of health, independence and wellbeing has been revived in this study. Regenerative medicine is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the replacement, repair or restoration of injured tissues. This field emerged from the need for reconstruction in children and adults in whom tissue has been damaged by diseases, trauma and congenital anomalies. Stem cell research is a promising field with an alluring potential for therapeutic intervention, and thus begs a critical understanding of the long-term consequences of stem cell replacement. Stem cells have unrestricted potential to divide and this strength is used for the regeneration and repair of cells within the body during tissue damage. Research on stem cells is advancing knowledge about how an organism develops from a single cell and how healthy cells replace damaged cells in adult organisms. This promising area of science is also leading scientists to investigate the possibility of cell-based therapies to treat disease. In our present review we tried to provide the information about stem cells and their significant role in regenerative medicine for treatment of various diseases.
Key words: Stem cells, embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, umbilical cord stem cells, regenerative medicine.

Cite This Article:

Number of Downloads : 10

References:

1.Barker, J.N. and J.E. Wagner, 2002. Umbilical cord blood transplantation: current state of the art. Curr. Opin. Oncol., 14: 160-164
2.Dr. Gearhart isolated cells from 2-4-month-old fetuses’ (obtained from elective abortions informed consent from donors who had independently decided to terminate their pregnancy).
3. Bajada, S., Mazak ova, I., Richardson, J.B., Shamakhi, N. (2008). Updates on stem cells and their applications in regenerative medicine. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med., 2, 169– 183.
4. Martin, G.R.. Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells. Proc. at. Acad. Sci. USA. 1981;78: 7634-7638.
5. Thompson JA, Itskovitz-Eldor J, Shapiro SS, et al. Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science 1998;282:1145-7.
6. Richards M, Fong C-Y, Chan W-K et al. Human feeders support prolonged undifferentiated growth of human inner cell masses and embryonic stem cells. at Biotechnol2002;20:933– 936.
7. Lee EH, Hui JHP. The potential of stem cells in orthopaedic surgery. J Bone Joint Surg 2006 July;88(7):841-853.
8. Sakula A. Paul Langerhans (1847-1888): a centenary tribute. J R Soc Med. 1988 Jul;81(7):414-5.
9. Calne R. The challenges of cell-transplantation and genetic engineering for the treatment of diabetes and haemophilia. In: Ashammakhi N, Reis RL, Chelliellini E, Eds. Topics in Tissue Engineering, Vol 3. E-book http:// www.oulu.fi/spareparts/ebook_topics_in_t_e_vol3/
10. Soria B, Roche E, Berna G, Leon-Quinto T, Reig JA, Martin E. Insulin-secreting cell derived from embryonic stem cells normalize glycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Diabetes 2000;49(2):157-62.
11. Smith A: A glossary for stem-cell biology. Nature 2006; 441:1060.
External Resources
a. Crossref (DOI)
b. Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)
c. ISI Web of Science
12.Rossant J: Stem cells from the mammalian blastocyst. Stem Cells 2001;19:477– 482.
External Resources
a. Pubmed/Medline (NLM)
b. Crossref (DOI)
c. Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)
d. ISI Web of Science
13. Takahashi K, Yamanaka S: Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell 2006; 126:663– 676
14. Ratajczak MZ, Zuba-Surma E, Kucia M, Poniewierska A, Suszynska M, Ratajczak J pluripotent and multipotent stem cells in adult tissues. Adv Med Sci 2012; 57:1– 17.
15.Jarvinen L, Badri L, Wettlaufer S, Ohtsuka T, Standiford TJ, Toews GB, Pinsky DJ, peters-Golden M, Lama VN: Lung resident mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human lung allografts inhibit T cell proliferation via a soluble mediator. J Immunol 2008; 181:4389–4396.
16. Kim CF, Jackson EL, Woolfenden AE, Lawrence S, Babar I, Vogel S, Crowley D, Bronson RT, Jacks T: Identification of bronchioalveolar stem cells in normal and lung cancer. Cell 2005; 121:823–835.
17. Overturf K, al-Dhalimy M, Ou CN, Finegold M, Grompe M: Serial transplantation reveals the stem-cell-like regenerative potential of adult mouse hepatocytes. Am J Pathol 1997; 151:1273–1280.
18. de Rooij DG, Grootegoed JA: Spermatogonia stem cells. CurrOpin Cell Biol 1998; 10:694–701.
19. Angelini A, Castellani C, Vescovo G, Thiene G: Pathological evidence of stem cell regeneration in the heart. Int J Car diol 2004; 96:499–504.
20. Kroon E, Martinson LA, Kadoya K, Bang AG, Kelly OG, Eliazer S, Young H, Richardson M, Smart NG, Cunningham J, Agulnick AD, D’Amour KA, carpenter MK, Baetge EE: Pancreatic endoderm derived from human embryonic stem cells generates glucose-responsive insulin-secreting cells in vivo. Nat Biotechnol 2008; 26:443–452.
21. Trivedi HL, Vanikar AV, Thakker U, Firoze A, Dave SD, Patel CN, Patel JV, BHARGAV AB, Shankar V: Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation synthesize insulin. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:1135–1139.
22. Le BK, Frassoni F, Ball L, Locatelli F, Roelofs H, Lewis I, Lanino E, Sundberg B, Bernardo ME, Remberger M, Dini G, Egeler RM, Bacigalupo A, Fibbe W, Ring den O: Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of steroid-resistant, severe, acute graft-versus-host disease: a phase II study. Lancet 2008; 371:1579–1586.
23. Filip S, Mokry J, Horacek J, English D: Stem cells and the phenomena of plasticity and diversity: a limiting property of carcinogenesis. Stem Cells Dev 2008; 17:1031–1038.
24. Cunningham JJ, Ulbright TM, Pera MF, Looi Jenga LH: Lessons from human teratomas to guide development of safe stem cell therapies. Nat Biotechnol 2012; 30:849–857.
25. Zarzeczny A, Caulfield T: Emerging ethical, legal and social issues associated with stem cell research and the current role of the moral status of the embryo. Stem Cell Rev 2009; 5:96–101.