Volume : 11, Issue : 01, January – 2024
Title:
A REVIEW ARTICLE ON OCCULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors :
M. Nandini*, Mrs. S.K. Rubina
Abstract :
The scientist’s faced many challenges in Ocular drug delivery system due to unique anatomy and physiology of eye. In ocular drug delivery system there are two types of barriers static and dynamic barrier. Static barriers consist of different segment of eye such as cornea, sclera, retina and blood- retinal barriers. In other way dynamic barriers consists choroidal and conjunctival blood flow, lymphatic clearance, and tear dilution. These both barriers affect the bioavailability of drugs. In recent year some new concept of drug delivery such as iontophoresis, liposome bio adhesive gels, ocular insert, contacts lenses etc. Has been developed to overcome problems associated by static and dynamic barriers. These formulation-based approaches have high capacity to carry maximum concentration of drug at targeted site of eye.
Therefore, a demand for improved cell culture that can replace animal experimentation with an adequate reproducibility is mandatory. Corneal epithelial cell culture models are the longer-considered strategy to study in vitro ocular drug delivery. From these, rabbit and human cell lines are the most frequently used. Primary cells have been employed that were transformed by using some chemicals or viruses to establish continuous/immortalized cells. Alternatively, original immortalized cells because of a tumour were also employed. Additionally, some attempts have been made to develop a tridimensional corneal structure.
Key Words: Ocular Drug Delivery System, Intra Ocular Barriers
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press M. Nandini et al., A Review Article On Occular Drug Delivery System, Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2024; 11 (01).
Number of Downloads : 10
References:
1. Sasaki H, Yamamura K, Mukai T, Nishida K, Nakamura J, Nakashima M, Ichikawa M. Enhancement of ocular drug penetration. Critical Reviews™ in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems. 1999; 16(1).
2. Patel A, Cholkar K, Agrahari V, Mitra AK. Ocular drug delivery systems: An overview. World journal of pharmacology. 2013; 2(2):47.
3. Farkouh A, Frigo P, Czejka M. Systemic side effects of eye drops: a pharmacokinetic perspective. Clinical ophthalmology. 2016 Dec 7:2433-41.
4. Wadhwa S, Paliwal R, Paliwal SR, Vyas SP. Nanocarriers in ocular drug delivery: an update review. Current pharmaceutical design. 2009 Aug 1; 15(23):2724-50.
5. Maurice DM. The structure and transparency of the cornea. The Journal of physiology. 1957 Apr 4; 136(2):263.
6. Nickla DL, Wallman J. The multifunctional choroid. Progress in retinal and eye research. 2010 Mar 1; 29(2):144-68.
7. Lu C, Smith G. The aspherizing of intra‐ocular lenses. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics. 1990 Jan; 10(1):54-66.
8. Cholkar K, Dasari SR, Pal D, Mitra AK. Eye: Anatomy, physiology and barriers to drug delivery. In Ocular transporters and receptors 2013 Jan 1 (pp. 1-36). Wood head publishing.
9. Freddo TF, Civan M, Gong H. Aqueous Humor and the Dynamics of Its Flow: Mechanisms and Routes of Aqueous Humor Drainage. InAlbert and Jakobiec’s Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology 2022 Apr 23 (pp. 1989-2033). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
10. Holland EJ, Mannis MJ, Lee WB. Ocular surface disease: cornea, conjunctiva and tear film: expert consult-online and print. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013 May 17.
11. Meek KM. The cornea and sclera. In Collagen: structure and mechanics 2008 May 10 (pp. 359-396). Boston, MA: Springer US.
12. MacMonnies CW. Incomplete blinking: exposure keratopathy, lid wiper epitheliopathy, dry eye, refractive surgery, and dry contact lenses. Contact Lens and Anterior Eye. 2007 Mar 1; 30(1):37-51.
13. Crooke ST. Molecular mechanisms of action of antisense drugs. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Gene Structure and Expression. 1999 Dec 10; 1489(1):31-43.
14. Sun H, Zhu X, Lu PY, Rosato RR, Tan W, Zu Y. Oligonucleotide aptamers: new tools for targeted cancer therapy. Molecular Therapy-Nucleic Acids. 2014 Jan 1; 3.
15. Sikandar MK, Sharma PK, Visht S. Ocular drug delivery system: an overview. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2011 May 1; 2(5):1168.
16. Meisner D, Mezei M. Liposome ocular delivery systems. Advanced drug delivery reviews. 1995 Aug 1; 16(1):75-93.