Volume : 11, Issue : 02, February – 2024

Title:

NOVEL DRUG TARGETS IN TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE

Authors :

P.Pavani, Dr.S.Kusuma Kumari*, B.Jhansi , B.V. Ramana

Abstract :

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss , and impaired daily functioning. With the aging population worldwide, the burden of AD has become a significant public health concern. Despite extensive research, there is currently no cure for AD, and available treatments offer only limited symptomatic relief . However, recent years have witnessed significant progress in the development of novel drugs targeting various aspects of AD pathogenesis. This abstract provides an overview of promising novel drugs that hold potential for the treatment od AD and highlights their mechanisms of action.
One class of novel drugs focuses on reducing the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques, a hallmark feature of AD pathology. Monoclonal antibodies, such as aducanumab and lecanemab, have shown promise in clinical trails by selectively targeting and clearing Aβ plaques from the brain. Another approach involves inhibiting beta-secretase enzymes, responsible for the production of Aβ peptides. Solanezumab is thought to act as ‘’ amyloid beta sink’’ that is facilitating flux of amyloid beta from a central to peripheral compartment. crenezumab is highly homologous to solanezumab another monoclonal antibody targeting amyloid – β peptides.
Keywords: Progressive neurodegenerative disorder, cognitive decline, impaired daily functioning, symptomatic relief, amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques, monoclonal antibodies, lecanemab, Aβ Peptides, Amyloid beta sink.

Cite This Article:

Please cite this article in press S.Kusuma Kumari et al., Novel Drug Targets In Treatment Of Alzheimer Disease, Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2024; 11 (02).

Number of Downloads : 10

References:

1. Maresova P, Mohelska H, Dolejs J, Kuca K. Socio-economic aspects of Alzheimer’s disease. Current Alzheimer Research. 2015 Nov 1;12(9):903-11.
2. Reitz C, Mayeux R. Alzheimer disease: epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, risk factors and biomarkers. Biochemical pharmacology. 2014 Apr 15;88(4):640-51.
3. Vassar R, Bennett BD, Babu-Khan S, Kahn S, Mendiaz EA, Denis P, Teplow DB, Ross S, Amarante P, Loeloff R, Luo Y. β-Secretase cleavage of Alzheimer’s amyloid precursor protein by the transmembrane aspartic protease BACE. science. 1999 Oct 22;286(5440):735-41.
4. López OL, DeKosky ST. Clinical symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease. Handbook of clinical neurology. 2008 Jan 1;89:207-16.
5. Voisin T, Vellas B. Diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe Alzheimer’s disease. Drugs & aging. 2009 Feb;26:135-44.
6. Pillai JA, Cummings JL. Clinical trials in predementia stages of Alzheimer disease. Medical Clinics. 2013 May 1;97(3):439-57.
7. Richards SS, Hendrie HC. Diagnosis, management, and treatment of Alzheimer disease: a guide for the internist. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1999 Apr 26;159(8):789-98.
8. Cummings J, Lee G, Nahed P, Kambar ME, Zhong K, Fonseca J, Taghva K. Alzheimer’s disease drug development pipeline: 2022. Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions. 2022;8(1):e12295.
9. Sperling R, Salloway S, Brooks DJ, Tampieri D, Barakos J, Fox NC, Raskind M, Sabbagh M, Honig LS, Porsteinsson AP, Lieberburg I. Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer’s disease treated with bapineuzumab: a retrospective analysis. The Lancet Neurology. 2012 Mar 1;11(3):241-9.
10. Poor SR, Ettcheto M, Cano A, Sanchez-Lopez E, Manzine PR, Olloquequi J, Camins A, Javan M. Metformin a potential pharmacological strategy in late onset Alzheimer’s disease treatment. Pharmaceuticals. 2021 Sep 1;14(9):890.
11. Gong CX, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K. Targeting tau protein in Alzheimer’s disease. Drugs & aging. 2010 May;27:351-65.
12. Giacobini E, Gold G. Alzheimer disease therapy—moving from amyloid-β to tau. Nature Reviews Neurology. 2013 Dec;9(12):677-86.
13. Bateman RJ, Cummings J, Schobel S, Salloway S, Vellas B, Boada M, Black SE, Blennow K, Fontoura P, Klein G, Assunção SS. Gantenerumab: an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody with potential disease-modifying effects in early Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy. 2022 Dec;14(1):1-7.
14. Imbimbo BP, Ottonello S, Frisardi V, Solfrizzi V, Greco A, Seripa D, Pilotto A, Panza F. Solanezumab for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Expert review of clinical immunology. 2012 Feb 1;8(2):135-49.
15. Cummings JL, Cohen S, van Dyck CH, Brody M, Curtis C, Cho W, Ward M, Friesenhahn M, Rabe C, Brunstein F, Quartino A. ABBY: A phase 2 randomized trial of crenezumab in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2018 May 22;90(21):e1889-97.
16. Florian H, Wang D, Arnold SE, Boada M, Guo Q, Jin Z, Zheng H, Fisseha N, Kalluri HV, Rendenbach-Mueller B, Budur K. Tilavonemab in early Alzheimer’s disease: results from a phase 2, randomized, double-blind study. Brain. 2023 Jun;146(6):2275-84.