Volume : 10, Issue : 12, December – 2023

Title:

AN OVERVIEW OF PERSPECTIVES AND UPDATES IN IMMUNIZATION FOR DENTAL CARIES

Authors :

Heba Moneib Alkhateeb,Jamal Mousa Alotaibi,Talal Naif Almutairi,4Haitham Abdulrahman Alghamdi,Abrar Aqeel Jefri,Khalid Ahmed Alharbi,Saeed Abdullah Alghamdi

Abstract :

Dental caries is a non-reversible infectious condition caused by microorganisms. Streptococci mutans, S.sobrinus, and Lactobacillus are the main causative agents of dental caries. S.mutans adheres to the tooth pellicle via adhesions. This leads to the synthesis of GTF and subsequent glucan production, facilitating the colonization of new organisms. Consequently, the initiation of lactic acid formation occurs, resulting in the development of dental caries. To intervene in the immune response, one can inhibit the receptors that are essential for the bacteria’s colonization or deactivate GTF. By implementing these strategies, it is possible to achieve immunization against dental caries.

Cite This Article:

Please cite this article in press Heba Moneib Alkhateeb et al, An Overview Of Perspectives And Updates In Immunization For Dental Caries, Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2023; 10 (12).

Number of Downloads : 10

References:

1. Petersen PE. The World Oral Health report 2003: Continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century – The approach of the WHO global oral health programme. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2003;31(Suppl 1):3–23.
2. The Challenge of Oral Disease. 2015. Available from: http://www. fdiworlddental.org/resources/oral health atlas/oral health atlas 2015.
3. Oral Health Fact Sheet. 2012. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs318/en/.
4. Bagramian RA, Garcia-Godoy F, Volpe AR. The global increase in dental caries. A pending public health crisis. Am J Dent. 2009;22:3–8.
5. Frencken JE, Sharma P, Stenhouse L, Green D, Laverty D, Dietrich T, et al. Global epidemiology of dental caries and severe periodontitis – A comprehensive review. J Clin Periodontol. 2017;44(Suppl 18):S94–105.
6. Colak H, Dülgergil CT, Dalli M, Hamidi MM. Early childhood caries update: A review of causes, diagnoses, and treatments. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2013;4:29–38.
7. Shivakumar KM, Vidya SK, Chandu GN. Dental caries vaccine. Indian J Dent Res 2009, 20(1).
8. Clarke JK. On the bacterial factor in the ætiology of dental caries. Br J Exp Pathol. 1924;5:141–7. [Google Scholar]
9. 10. Meiers JC, Wirthlin MR, Shklair IL. A microbiological analysis of human early carious and non-carious fissures. Journal of dental research. 1982;61(3):460–4. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
10. 11. Tanzer JM, Livingston J, Thompson AM. The microbiology of primary dental caries in humans. J Dent Educ. 2001;65:1028–37.
11. Ajdic D, McShan WM, McLaughlin RE, Savic G, Chang J, Carson MB, et al. Genome sequence of Streptococcus mutansUA159, a cariogenic dental pathogen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:14434–9.
12. Forssten SD, Björklund M, Ouwehand AC. Streptococcus mutans, caries and simulation models. Nutrients. 2010;2:290–8.
13. Hamada S, Slade HD. Biology, immunology, and cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans. Microbiol Rev. 1980;44:331–84.
14. Taubman MA, Nash DA. The scientific and public-health imperative for a vaccine against dental caries. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006;6:555–63.
15. Staat RH, Langley SD, Doyle RJ. Streptococcus mutans adherence: Presumptive evidence for protein-mediated attachment followed by Glucan-dependent cellular accumulation. Infect Immun. 1980;27:675–81.
16. Hajishengallis G, Nikolova E, Russell MW. Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans adherence to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite by human secretory immunoglobulin A (S-igA) antibodies to cell surface protein antigen I/II: Reversal by IgA1 protease cleavage. Infect Immun. 1992;60:5057–64.
17. Lamont RJ, Demuth DR, Davis CA, Malamud D, Rosan B. Salivary-agglutinin-mediated adherence of Streptococcus mutans to early plaque bacteria. Infect Immun. 1991;59:3446–50.
18. Heremans JF, Heremans MT, Schultze HE. Isolation and description of a few properties of the b2A globulin of human serum. Clin Chim Acta. 1959;4:96–102.
19. Tomasi TB, Jr, Tan EM, Solomon A, Prendergast RA. Characteristics of an immune system common to certain external secretions. J Exp Med. 1965;121:101–24.
20. Bowen WH. A vaccine against dental caries.A pilot experiment in monkeys (Macaca irus) Br Dent J. 1969;126:159–60.
21. McGhee JR, Michalek SM, Webb J, Navia JM, Rahman AF, Legler DW. Effective immunity to dental caries: Protection of gnotobiotic rats by local immunization with Streptococcus mutans. J Immunol. 1975;114(1 Pt 2):3005.
22. Talbman MA, Smith DJ. Effects of local immunization with Streptococcus mutans on induction of salivary immunoglobulin A antibody and experimental dental caries in rats. Infect Immun. 1974;9:1079–91.
23. Michalek SM, Childers NK. Development and outlook for a caries vaccine. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 1990;1:37–54.
24. Russell MW, Childers NK, Michalek SM, Smith DJ, Taubman MA. A caries vaccine. The state of the science of immunization against dental caries? Caries Res. 2004;38:230–5.
25. Shivakumar1 KM, Vidya2 SK, Chandu3 GN. Dental caries vaccine. 2009.
26. Lehner T, Ma JK, Kelly CG. A mechanism of passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies to a 185,000 M(r) streptococcal antigen. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1992;327:151–63.
27. Inoue Ma JK, Hikmat BY, Wycoff K, Vine ND, Chargelegue D, Yu L, et al. Characterization of a recombinant plant monoclonal secretory antibody and preventive immunotherapy in humans. Nature Med. 4:601–606.16b.
28. Fukuizumi H T, Tsujisawa T, Uchiyama C. Simultaneous induction of specific immunoglobulin A-producing cells in major and minor salivary glands after tonsillar application of antigen in rabbits. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1999;14:21–26.
29. Ferretti JJ B. Analysis of the Streptococcus downei gtfS gene, which specifies a glucosyltransferase that synthesizes soluble glucans. Infect Immun. 1990;58:2452–58.
30. Jones KR MJ, Kuramitsu HK, Macrina FL. Molecular cloning and characterization of the glucosyltransferase C gene (gtfC) from Streptococcus mutans LM7. Infect Immun. 1987;55:2176–82.
31. Smith King WF, Taubman MA. Purification and antigenicity of a novel glucan binding protein of Streptococcus mutans. Infect Immun. 1994a;62:2545–52. Marcel Dekker Inc. pp. 913-930.
32. Honda O, Kato C, Kuramitsu HK. Nucleotide sequence of the Streptococcus mutans gtfD gene encoding the glucosyltransferase-S enzyme. J Gen Microbiol. 1990;136:2099–2105. J Clin Immunol. 1990;10:273–81.
33. Hajishengallis G, Nikolova E, Russell MW. Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans adherence to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite by human secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) antibodies to cell surface protein antigen I/II: reversal by IgA1 protease cleavage. Infect Immun. 1992;60:5057–64.
34. Shiroza T, Ueda S, Kuramitsu HK. Sequence analysis of the gtfB gene from Streptococcus mutans. J Bacteriol. 1987;169:4263–70.