Volume : 11, Issue : 04, April – 2024
Title:
A REVIEW ARTICLE ON PALONOSERTAN: ANTI-EMETIC DRUG
Authors :
R. Jona Methusala, G. Rama subbaiah
Abstract :
Palonosetron is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting, particularly associated with chemotherapy. It belongs to a class of drugs known as 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, which work by blocking the action of serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in triggering nausea and vomiting. Palonosetron is known for its extended duration of action, making it effective for preventing delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Palonosetron and its metabolites are mainly (to 80–93%) eliminated via the kidney. Biological half-life in healthy persons was 37±12 hours in a study, and 48±19 hours in cancer patients. In 10% of patients, half-life is over 100 hours. Most other marketed setrons have half-lives in the range of about two to 15 hours. Pharmacokinetics of palonosetron in this dose-ranging study were similar to studies in healthy volunteers [28], and are improved over other 5-HT3 antagonists due to its long T1/2, dose-proportional pharmacokinetics, large Vd, and low CLT. In summary, palonosetron showed substantial efficacy in the prevention of CINV in patients receiving highly emetogenic cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The prolonged protection observed with palonosetron in the management of chemotherapy-induced emesis following a single i.v. dose is particularly notable and is likely related to its strong binding affinity for 5-HT3 receptors and its longer plasma elimination T1/2. The pharmacokinetics of palonosetron in this study were similar to those previously reported in phase I trials. Based on the results of this dose-ranging study, fixed palonosetron doses of 0.25 mg (∼3 µg/kg) and 0.75 mg (∼10 µg/kg) are recommended for further evaluation, as they appear to be the lowest effective doses for the prevention of CINV in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
Cite This Article:
Please cite this article in press Kukkannagari Sai Nuthan Raju et al., A Review Article On Lumateperone: Anti-Emetic Drug., Indo Am. J. P. Sci, 2024; 11 (04).
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